Defined when a year has passed since the final menstrual period. This marks the beginning of women’s mature life following approximately 30-45 years of reproductive life. The average age of menopause in western countries is approximately 51. The average age of menopause is younger in smokers and those who have never had children (nulliparous). Low levels of both estrogen and progesterone are normal after menopause.
Explore All Resources
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Stopping Estrogen Treatment (Sometimes called “HRT”)
Daily Progesterone therapyEstrogen treatment -
The ABCs of Osteoporosis Prevention for Women in Midlife
Osteoporosis and bone health -
The Estrogen Errors: Why Progesterone Is Better for Women’s Health
Daily Progesterone therapyEstrogen treatment -
A Positive View of Women’s Exercise, Menstrual Cycles and Ovulation
Ovulation and menstrual cycles -
For Healthcare Providers: Managing Menorrhagia Without Surgery
Daily Progesterone therapyHeavy flow -
Perimenopause: The Ovary’s Frustrating Grand Finale
Cramps and painful periodsDaily Progesterone therapy
Glossary
Visit the Glossary to learn more about the specific terms used on this website.
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Menopause
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Osteoblasts
Are cells that lay down the protein matrix that becomes bone after mineralization (adding calcium and other minerals) under the influence of Vitamin D. Osteoblast cells form new bone (“bone formation”) in the normal process of bone renewal called “remodeling.” Formation occurs rapidly during growth in adolescence. It also occurs more rapidly than usual under the influence of progesterone during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle or from therapy with progesterone, most progestins or parathyroid hormone (which is experimental).
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